Enhancing and Disrupting Memory by Brain Oscillations

Technology

The technology relies on the discovery of an extremely low-frequency communication between two parts of the brain - the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus  - during the processes of memory formation and memory disruption. Dr.  Earl Miller and colleagues discovered that the two parts of the brain communicate at “beta” (9-6 Hz) and “theta” (2-6 Hz) frequencies when memories are being formed and erased, respectively. A technology capable of influencing these processes uses low-voltage transcranial electrical stimulation operating at these two frequencies. Stimulating at these natural frequencies provides a unique opportunity to correct and enhance memory formation processes in a non-invasive manner.  

Problem Addressed

Human capability to learn new information is often slow, laborious, and error-prone, particularly in cases involving memory disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease or age-related memory loss. Existing processes of memory enhancement and disruption are limited to shock therapy, which is dangerous and well-known for its severe side-effects. Currently, there are no means for non-invasive, non-therapeutic brain enhancement or memory manipulation; however, such capability could be of great benefit.  

Advantages

•  Non-invasive and non-pharmacological approach towards memory formation process 
• Relies on a well-established electrical stimulation technology operating at extremely low frequencies and low voltages 
• Potential to affect a broad range of physiological processes, that currently include, but are not limited to, memory formation and disruption 
• Potential to affect  memory formation process in both clinical and non-clinical situations